Which of the following is an indicator of strong literacy development in students?

High engagement and participation in reading activities is a strong indicator of literacy development in students because it reflects their interest and motivation to engage with texts. When students are involved in reading activities, they are not only practicing their reading skills but also developing critical thinking, comprehension, and fluency. This level of engagement suggests that they are finding meaning in texts and are willing to explore new ideas and concepts, which are essential components of literacy development.

In contrast, difficulties in writing and reading, resistance to reading challenges, and inconsistent understanding of basic vocabulary indicate barriers to learning and growth in literacy. Those factors suggest that students may be struggling rather than thriving in their literacy journey. Thus, high engagement and participation serve as a positive indicator of students' progress and well-rounded development in literacy.