What is the role of phonics instruction in beginning reading?

Phonics instruction plays a crucial role in beginning reading by teaching students the systematic relationship between letters and sounds. This foundational skill enables young learners to decode words, which is essential for reading proficiency. By understanding how specific letters and combinations of letters correspond to certain sounds, students become equipped to read both familiar and unfamiliar words independently. This knowledge supports the development of reading fluency, as it allows learners to blend sounds into words smoothly and accurately.

When students grasp the principles of phonics, they gain the tools necessary to decode text, leading to improved comprehension as they advance in their reading abilities. While phonics instruction indirectly supports fluency, vocabulary, and writing skills, its primary focus lies in creating a strong understanding of how written language functions phonetically, making it a cornerstone of effective reading instruction.